|
各種食品儲存參考資料
|
食品名稱 |
儲存溫度
(℃) |
相對溼度
(﹪) |
保存期限 |
含水量
(﹪) |
凍結點
(℃) |
比熱 |
凍結灌熱
(kcal/kg) |
呼吸熱
(min/24hr) |
凍結點以上 |
凍結點以下 |
水果及蔬菜 |
蘋果 |
-1~0 |
85~88 |
4個月 |
84.1 |
-2 |
0.87 |
0.45 |
67 |
358 |
香蕉 |
13~22 |
85~95 |
2週 |
75.5 |
-1.7 |
0.81 |
0.43 |
60 |
|
櫻桃 |
-0.5~0 |
85-90 |
10~14天 |
83.0 |
-2.2 |
0.87 |
0.45 |
67 |
|
柚子 |
10 |
85~90 |
6~8週 |
88.8 |
-2 |
0.91 |
0.46 |
70 |
|
蜜瓜 |
0.72~10 |
85~90 |
2~4週 |
92.6 |
-1.7 |
0.94 |
0.48 |
73 |
|
哈密瓜 |
0~1 |
75~78 |
7~10天 |
92.7 |
-1.7 |
0.94 |
0.48 |
73 |
|
香瓜 |
2~4.5 |
85~90 |
2~8週 |
92.1 |
-1.6 |
0.97 |
0.48 |
73 |
|
檸檬 |
13~14 |
85~90 |
1~4個月 |
89.3 |
-2.2 |
0.92 |
0.46 |
71 |
203 |
橘子 |
0~1 |
85~90 |
8~10週 |
87.2 |
-2.2 |
0.00 |
0.46 |
68 |
|
柳橙 |
1~10 |
|
|
|
|
0.92 |
|
|
|
桃子 |
-0.5~0 |
85~90 |
2~4週 |
86.9 |
-1.4 |
0.90 |
0.46 |
69 |
432 |
梨子 |
-1.5~-0.5 |
85~90 |
1個月 |
83.5 |
-2.2 |
0.86 |
0.45 |
66 |
192 |
葡萄 |
-0.5~0 |
85~90 |
3~8週 |
81.9 |
-2.5 |
0.86 |
0.44 |
64 |
|
草莓 |
-0.5~0 |
85~90 |
7~10天 |
90.0 |
-1.2 |
0.92 |
0.47 |
72 |
1462 |
鳳梨 |
4.5~7.0 |
85~90 |
2~4週 |
85.3 |
-1.2 |
0.88 |
0.45 |
68 |
|
柿子 |
-0.5~0 |
85~90 |
2個月 |
78.2 |
-2.1 |
0.84 |
0.43 |
62 |
|
無花果 |
-2~0 |
85~90 |
5~7天 |
78.0 |
-2.7 |
0.82 |
0.43 |
62 |
|
乾果 |
0 |
50~60 |
9~12個月 |
|
|
0.32~0.3 |
|
9~12 |
|
蘆筍 |
0 |
90~95 |
3~4週 |
93.0 |
-1.2 |
0.94 |
0.48 |
74 |
2890 |
菜豆(新鮮) |
0~4.5 |
85~90 |
2~4週 |
88.9 |
-1.0 |
0.81 |
0.47 |
71 |
|
菜豆(乾) |
2~4.5 |
70 |
6個月 |
12.0 |
|
0.30 |
0.24 |
10 |
|
甜菜 |
0 |
90~95 |
10~14天 |
87.6 |
-2.8 |
0.90 |
0.46 |
70 |
|
空心菜 |
0 |
90~95 |
3~4個月 |
92.4 |
-0.4 |
0.94 |
0.47 |
74 |
687 |
胡蘿蔔 |
0 |
90~95 |
4~5個月 |
88.2 |
-1.3 |
0.90 |
0.46 |
70 |
|
芹菜 |
-0.5~0 |
90~95 |
2~4個月 |
93.7 |
-1.3 |
0.95 |
0.48 |
75 |
|
胡瓜 |
7~10 |
90~95 |
10~14天 |
96.1 |
-0.8 |
0.97 |
0.49 |
76 |
|
萵苣 |
0 |
90~95 |
1~3週 |
94.8 |
-0.4 |
0.96 |
0.46 |
76 |
|
韭菜 |
0 |
85~90 |
1~3個月 |
88.2 |
-1.6 |
0.90 |
0.46 |
70 |
|
洋蔥 |
0 |
70~75 |
6~8個月 |
87.5 |
-1.1 |
0.90 |
0.46 |
69 |
4680 |
洋菇 |
0~1.5 |
80~85 |
1~3天 |
91.1 |
-1.0 |
0.93 |
0.47 |
72 |
|
碗豆(新鮮) |
0 |
85~90 |
1~2週 |
74.3 |
-1.1 |
0.79 |
042 |
59 |
|
碗豆(乾) |
1.5~4.5 |
|
6個月 |
|
|
0.28 |
0.22 |
8 |
|
胡椒 |
0~10 |
85~90 |
8~10天 |
92.4 |
-1.1 |
0.94 |
0.47 |
78 |
|
馬鈴薯 |
3.5~10 |
85~90 |
2個月 |
77.8 |
-1.7 |
0.82 |
0.43 |
62 |
358 |
南瓜(冬) |
10~13 |
70~75 |
2~6個月 |
90.5 |
-1.0 |
0.92 |
0.47 |
72 |
|
蘿蔔 |
0 |
80~95 |
2~4個月 |
93.6 |
-5.0 |
0.95 |
0.48 |
74 |
|
菠菜 |
0 |
90~95 |
10~14天 |
92.7 |
-0.9 |
0.94 |
0.48 |
73 |
|
蕃茄 |
0 |
85~90 |
7~10天 |
94.1 |
-0.9 |
0.95 |
0.48 |
74 |
1560 |
蕪菁 |
0 |
90~95 |
4~5個月 |
90.9 |
-0.8 |
0.93 |
0.47 |
|
|
酵母 |
-0.5~0 |
75 |
2週 |
|
|
|
|
54 |
|
甘薯 |
13~15.5 |
90~95 |
4~6個月 |
68.5 |
-1.9 |
0.75 |
0.40 |
54 |
|
芥茉 |
0 |
90~95 |
10~12週 |
73.4 |
-3.1 |
0.78 |
0.42 |
58 |
|
米 |
1.5 |
65 |
6個月 |
10.0 |
-1.1 |
0.25 |
|
|
|
農畜產品 |
牛肉(新鮮) |
0~1 |
88~92 |
1~6週 |
62~77 |
-5.0~-1.7 |
0.70~0.84 |
0.38~0.43 |
49~61 |
|
牛肉(冷凍) |
-23.5~-18 |
90~95 |
9~12個月 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
豬肉(新鮮) |
0~1 |
85~90 |
3~7天 |
35~42 |
-5.0~-1.7 |
0.48~0.54 |
0.30~0.22 |
28~33 |
|
豬肉(冷凍) |
-23.5~-18 |
90~95 |
4~8個月 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
羊肉(新鮮) |
0~1 |
85~90 |
5~12天 |
60~70 |
-5.0~-1.7 |
0.68~0.84 |
0.38~0.51 |
48~63 |
|
羊肉(冷凍) |
-23.5~-18 |
90~95 |
8~10個月 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
兔肉(新鮮) |
0~1 |
90~95 |
1~5天 |
60 |
-1.7 |
0.80 |
|
|
|
兔肉(冷凍) |
-23.5~-18 |
90~95 |
6個月 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
家禽(新鮮) |
0 |
80 |
1週 |
73 |
-1.7 |
0.79 |
|
60 |
|
家禽(冷凍) |
-29 |
90~95 |
3個月 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
火腿(新鮮) |
0~1 |
85~90 |
7~12天 |
47~54 |
-5.0~-1.7 |
0.58~0.63 |
0.43~0.36 |
37~43 |
|
火腿(冷凍) |
-23.5~-18 |
90~95 |
6~8個月 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
薰肉(新鮮) |
-23.5~-18 |
90~95 |
4~6天 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
薰肉(煙燻) |
15.5~18.5 |
85 |
4~6個月 |
13~29 |
|
0.30~0.43 |
0.24~0.29 |
10~23 |
|
香腸 |
4.5~7 |
85~90 |
|
|
-4 |
0.86 |
0.56 |
39.4 |
|
奶油 |
-14 |
80 |
6個月 |
12 |
-2.2 |
0.33 |
0.25 |
12.8 |
|
乳酪 |
1 |
65~70 |
3個月 |
37~38 |
-2.2 |
0.50 |
0.31 |
30 |
|
豬油 |
0 |
90~95 |
4~8個月 |
|
|
0.52 |
0.31 |
50 |
|
醃肉 |
-0.5~0 |
|
|
|
|
0.75 |
0.36 |
42 |
|
蛋(有殼) |
-1.5~-0.5 |
85~90 |
9個月 |
67 |
-2.2 |
0.74 |
0.40 |
53 |
|
蛋(冷凍) |
-29 |
|
|
73 |
-2.2 |
|
0.42 |
58 |
|
蛋白 |
1.5 |
較低 |
6個月 |
6 |
|
0.25 |
0.21 |
5 |
|
蛋黃 |
1.5 |
較低 |
6個月 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
鮮奶 |
2~4 |
85~90 |
1週 |
|
-0.5 |
0.93 |
0.49 |
70 |
|
脫脂奶粉(乾) |
4.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
脫脂奶粉(無糖) |
-26 |
|
短期間 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
脫脂奶粉(有糖) |
1.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
海產品 |
新鮮魚 |
0.5~4.5 |
90~95 |
5~20天 |
80 |
-1.1 |
0.82 |
0.41 |
58 |
|
冷凍魚 |
-18~-12 |
90~95 |
8~10個月 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
燻魚 |
4.5~-10 |
50~60 |
6~8個月 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
乾魚 |
-1~4.5 |
60~70 |
|
|
|
0.56 |
0.34 |
35 |
|
龍蝦 |
-4~4.5 |
80 |
1個月 |
76 |
|
0.81 |
0.42 |
58 |
|
牡蠣 |
0~1.5 |
90 |
2個月 |
80 |
-2.2 |
0.85 |
0.45 |
67 |
|
鱈魚 |
-4 |
85 |
2週 |
83 |
-1.7 |
0.76 |
|
|
|
鯧魚 |
0 |
78 |
1週 |
45 |
|
0.56 |
|
36 |
|
鯕魚 |
-9.5 |
78 |
3個月 |
45 |
|
0.56 |
|
36 |
|
其他食品 |
巧克力糖 |
20~21 |
50~55 |
6~10個月 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
蜂蜜 |
-0.5~10 |
|
|
|
|
0.35 |
0.26 |
14 |
|
動物油 |
13 |
|
6個月 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
植物油 |
1.5 |
|
1年 |
|
|
0.65 |
|
|
|
人造奶油 |
13 |
60~70 |
6個月 |
|
-9.4 |
|
0.34 |
19 |
|
人造奶油 |
1.5 |
60~70 |
1年 |
|
|
0.5~0.8 |
|
|
|
冰淇淋 |
-18~-12 |
65 |
3個月 |
67 |
|
0.9 |
0.45 |
53 |
|
啤酒 |
2~7 |
90 |
6個月 |
|
-2.2 |
0.9 |
|
|
|
碳酸飲料 |
-1~1.5 |
85 |
3個月 |
|
-1.7 |
0.64 |
|
|
|
糖漿 |
7 |
80 |
6週 |
36 |
-2.2 |
|
|
|
|
糖 |
7 |
|
|
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
烈酒 |
4.5~7 |
|
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
巧克力 |
7~10 |
75 |
6個月 |
|
|
0.26 |
|
|
|
|
1.5 |
65 |
6個月 |
10 |
-1.7 |
0.48 |
|
|
|
果醬 |
1 |
75 |
6個月 |
36 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
85 |
6個月 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|